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Re: Sonography of the BreastFrom: Terry J. DuBose (duboseterryj@uams.edu)Tue Oct 15 16:29:30 2002
Dear joann.aulik@aurora.org, let me take a shot at answering your questions. I am embedding them after your questions below. ultrasound@obgyn.net writes: http://www.obgyn.net/bh/a[Marker]rticles/newbreasthand[Marker]outII.htm I enjoyed the article. I do need some clarification regarding the malignant findings list. The 4th indicator on the list was "markedly hypoechoic " compared to fat. Then on the benign findings the 2nd indicator is " markedly hyperechoic ". Please explain the indicators. The normal breast contains a good bit of fat, which is fairly echogenic. Malignancies "tend" to be hypoechoic (darker, and with shadowing) than the surrounding tissues, where as benign masses "tend" to be more echogenic than the normal tissue… except for benign cysts, of course. These are tendencies, and not absolute rules. Much of the relative appearances depend upon the surrounding tissues, more or less fat. Also I am not familiar with the word "apodization". Apodization is a method of reducing "side lobes" from the sonic beam by varying the strength of the signal (voltage) applied across the crystal elements. Simply put, the weaker voltages are applied to the center of the crystal and the stronger nearer the edges. See: Zagzebski, Jim: Essentials of Ultrasound Physics, Mosby, 1996, p. 33... or other modern sonographic textbook. I hope this helps… Also, as a matter of courtesy, this being a Forum for professionals, we like for participants to identify themselves. Peace, Terry J. DuBose, M.S., RDMS Assistant Professor & Director, Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, CHRP 4301 West Markham St. Mail Slot #563 Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205 USA 501-686-6510 DuBoseTerryJ@UAMS.edu http://www.io.com/~dubose/ http://www.uams.edu/CHRP/dmshome.htm http://www.obgyn.net/us/panel/panel.htm
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