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OB: Vitamins Prevent Birth Defects Other Than NTD'sFrom: art fougner, md (evsono@pipeline.com)Thu Apr 8 08:06:22 2004
Vitamins reduce risk for congenital anomalies other than neural tube defects Birth Defects April 8, 2004 2004 APR 8 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Vitamin supplements reduce the risk for congenital anomalies other than neural tube defects. "Randomized trials, supported by many observational studies, have shown that periconceptional use of folic acid, alone or in multivitamin supplements, is effective for the primary prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs). Whether this is true also for other congenital anomalies is a complex issue and the focus of this review. It is useful to consider the evidence not only for specific birth defects separately but, importantly, also for all birth defects combined," scientists writing in the American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C - Seminars in Medical Genetics report. "For the latter, the Hungarian randomized clinical trial indicated, for periconceptional multivitamin use, a reduction in the risk for all birth defects (odds ratio (OR)=0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.35-0.70), even after excluding NTDs (OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.38-0.75)," stated Lorenzo D. Botto and colleagues at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "The Atlanta population-based case-control study, the only large observational study to date on all major birth defects, also found a significant risk reduction for all birth defects (OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.69-0.93) even after excluding NTDs (OR=0.84, 95% CI=0.72-0.97). These and other studies also evaluated specific anomalies, including those of the heart, limb, and urinary tract, as well as orofacial clefts, omphalocele, and imperforate anus." "For cardiovascular anomalies, two studies were negative, whereas three, including the randomized clinical trial, suggest a possible 25-50% overall risk reduction, more marked for some conotruncal and septal defects," reported the researchers. "For orofacial clefts, six of seven case-control studies suggest an apparent reduced risk, which could vary by cleft type and perhaps, according to some investigators, by pill dosage. For limb deficiencies, three case-control studies and the randomized trial estimated approximately a 50% reduced risk. For urinary tract defects, three case-control studies and the randomized trial reported reduced risks, as did one study of nonsyndromic omphalocele." "All these studies examined multivitamin supplement use," said Botto and his collaborators. "With respect to folic acid alone, a reduced rate of imperforate anus was observed among folic acid users in China. We discuss key gaps in knowledge, possible avenues for future research, and counseling issues for families concerned about occurrence or recurrence of these birth defects." Botto and his coauthors published their study in the American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C - Seminars in Medical Genetics (Vitamin supplements and the risk for congenital anomalies other than neural tube defects. Am J Med Genet Part C, 2004;125C(1):12-21). Additional information can be obtained by contacting Lorenzo D. Botto, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. E-mail: LBotto@cdc.gov. The publisher of the American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C - Seminars in Medical Genetics can be contacted at: Wiley-Liss, Division of John Wiley & Sons Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, USA. The information in this article comes under the major subject areas of Birth Defects, Fetal Medicine, Reproductive Health, Obstetrics, Diet and Nutrition, and Women's Health. This article was prepared by Women's Health Weekly editors from staff and other reports. Copyright 2004, Women's Health Weekly via NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net. ©Copyright 2004, Immunotherapy Weekly via NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net http://www.obgyn.net/newsheadlines/womens_health-Birth_Defects-20040408-5.asp art
-- art fougner, md ich bin ein New Yorker
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